Lung Cancer: Types, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prognosis-Essay Analysis

Common Symptoms:

The disease can grow within the body undetected for quite a long time, sometimes years. Sometimes the reoccurrence of lung infection or pneumonia even after treatment can be a sign of lung cancer. Ruano-Raviña et al. (2020) state that the late diagnosis of this disease occurs due to the non-specificity of many symptoms, as they are not as frequent for such a serious disease. The most common symptoms discussed in various diseases are;

• persistent cough
• hemoptysis that is the discharge of blood or blood-tinged sputum from the lungs
• chest pain or pain in the shoulder
• dyspnea that is getting out of breath performing work one used to do without a problem
• cervical and supraclavicular lymphadenopathies that are swollen Cervical lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes,
• weight loss
• metastatic pain that occurs when cancer spreads to your bones from another part of your body
• fatigue
• fever

Common Causes:

According to Alencar et al. (2020), lung cancer occurs due to the senescence or the stop of apoptosis due to mutations, where cells keep on multiplying uncontrollably and begin interfering with normal cells. Factors that increase the risk of the disease include;

• smoking cigarettes
• passive smoking
• HIV infection
• history of lung diseases e.g. emphysema or lung fibrosis
• aging
• inhaling radioactive gases
• exposure to asbestos or occupational substances including diesel fumes and soot or arsenic, cadmium, nickel,
• hereditary cause